CHALLENGES OF THE MODERNIZATION IN THE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 2016 CUSTOMS STATUTE IN COLOMBIA

Abstract

The Customs Statute, issued in March 2016 instead of the Decree 2685 of 1999, aims to modernize the regulatory system that impacts on the operations of foreign trade in Colombia. In order to facilitate and control procedures more efficiently, it bets to the strengthening of the Risk Management System through the introduction of innovative regulatory figures as the Single Risk Model. This, based on the dynamics of stimulus-punishment, promises to reduce the risks of non-compliance and thus streamline operations to harmonize the level of efficiency of the national customs with its international peers. This document identifies the challenges that the Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales - DIAN - should face at the modernization process of the New Regulation in order to contain future contingencies that inhibit the achievement of its objective. For this purpose, the theoretical references associated with modernization as a risk factor are identified and the Unique Risk Model is characterized as a modern strategy proposed by the DIAN, to determine the challenges associated with the customs risk that this institution has deal with at the implementation of this innovation. It is found, then, that the introduction of modern strategies such as the risk rating system could generate in itself potential risks related to the institutional capacity to guarantee the efficient functioning of the system.