Revista Inclusiones

Artificial Intelligence and Cybersecurity: Digital Transformation of National Security in the 21st Century

Eduardo Herrera Guzmán — Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study analyzes the digital transformation of National Security through the integration of artificial intelligence and advanced cybersecurity systems. The research examines how emerging technologies redefine traditional national security paradigms, focusing on the implementation of autonomous defense systems and the evolution of cyber threats.

The methodology includes prospective analysis of future scenarios, evaluation of the international regulatory framework, and examination of the technological capabilities of the Mexican State. Strategic opportunities are identified for strengthening national cyberdefense infrastructure and adopting cutting-edge technologies in the security domain.

Inclusive methodologies in the teaching-learning process in educational institutions of the sucre canton

Elizabeth del Carmen Ormaza Esmeraldas, María Gabriela Espinoza Bravo — Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The main objective of this research is to evaluate the implementation of inclusive methodologies in educational institutions in the Canton of Sucre, Manabí Province, Ecuador. The research analyzes teacher preparation to address student diversity. The methodology used was a mixed, quantitative, and qualitative approach. A survey of 264 teachers was conducted using Google Forms. The information was validated through data reliability using SPSS v. 26. The analysis and findings reveal a significant gap in teacher training, which limits the ability to guarantee effective inclusive education. It is essential that educational institutions adopt policies that strengthen ongoing training and provide adequate resources to address diversity in the classroom, thus promoting an equitable and quality learning environment.

Immateriality in Choreographic Composition: A Methodological Proposal for Teaching in Higher Education

Carolina Ramírez Reyes, Anayuri Güemez Cruz — Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study analyzes the integration of immateriality in the teaching of choreographic composition in Mexican higher education institutions. The objective was to understand its pedagogical function and identify innovative didactic strategies to develop a comprehensive methodological proposal. A qualitative-hermeneutic approach with educational perspective was employed through a non-experimental design that combined documentary analysis and fieldwork. Twenty-two in-depth interviews and three focus groups were conducted with 12 Dance Bachelor's degree students, three specialized teachers, and seven experts in choreographic pedagogy from two Mexican institutions. Results reveal that immateriality manifests implicitly in curricular contents and creative processes, constituting a fundamental element for the development of students' artistic identity. The effective integration of this dimension requires an experiential pedagogical methodology centered on social interaction and bodily exploration, implementing collaborative didactic strategies that position the student as the protagonist of the educational process. The Multidimensional Methodology for Teaching Choreographic Composition is proposed, structured around three core areas: self-knowledge, experimentation, and dialogue.

Spatial Violence and Socioecological Dispossession: Intensive Tourism, Neoliberal Governance, and Migration in the Sierra Gorda of Querétaro, Mexico

Ana Paola Galicia Gallardo, Martha Cecilia Herrera Garcìa — Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The Sierra Gorda of Querétaro (Mexico) is a paradigmatic case of neoliberal reconfiguration in Latin America, where extractive tourism articulates three key phenomena: environmental violence, territorial dispossession, and forced migration, disrupting ancestral socioecological practices. This study identifies a gap in the literature regarding the interrelation among neoliberalism, extractivist tourism, and socio-territorial conflicts. Through a qualitative-interpretative approach grounded in the theory of space production (Lefebvre), market logics and neoliberal governance displacing traditional systems are analyzed. The methodology combined documentary and secondary data analysis (2020-2024), using indexed sources, government reports, press, and bibliometrics (VOSviewer), complemented by thematic coding focused on spatial violence, neoliberalism, forced migration, and intensive tourism. Findings reveal that neoliberal planning –via ecotourism and extractivist initiatives– commodifies territory, weakens traditional socioecological systems, and triggers forced displacements. Simultaneously, community resistances reclaiming territory as a common good against extractive dynamics are documented.

Cooperación intInternational Cooperation between States of Mexico, the United States, and Canada: The Impact of NAFTA on Subnational Relationsernacional entre estados de México, Estados Unidos y Canadá: El impacto del TLCAN en las relaciones subnacionales

Roberto Zepeda — Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes cross-border economic relations in North America following the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), examining both national perspectives and subnational cooperation. Using the conceptual framework of paradiplomacy, it studies international economic relations and regional governance among subnational actors. The results show greater economic integration driven by NAFTA among Mexico, the United States, and Canada, facilitating international cooperation in areas such as environment and border development. It highlights how U.S. subnational entities actively participate in bilateral trade with Mexico and Canada, especially in border regions, where cooperation schemes have been established that generate new forms of transnational governance.

Organizational Culture of HEIs in Durango: A Comparative Analysis According to the Cameron and Quinn Model

Frida Terrazas Carrillo, Juana Hernández-Chavarría — Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the type of organizational culture based on the Competing Values Framework developed by Cameron and Quinn in three public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the city of Victoria de Durango, Mexico: the Instituto Tecnológico de Durango (ITD), the Universidad Politécnica de Durango (UNIPOLI), and the Universidad Tecnológica de Durango (UTD). A questionnaire was administered to teaching staff, non-teaching staff, and freelance employees to assess six dimensions of organizational culture: dominant characteristics, leadership style, employee management, organizational cohesion, strategic emphasis, and criteria for success. The statistical analysis, which included Cronbach’s Alpha, Kruskal-Wallis, and ANOVA tests, revealed that the three institutions tend toward a market culture, where competitiveness, achievement of results, and financial success are prioritized within the context of higher education in Mexico. However, the institutions present differences in the predominance of other types of organizational culture. The study offers recommendations to strengthen organizational culture in accordance with institutional objectives and suggests future research, including comparative studies between public and private HEIs.

Resilience in Informal Primary Caregivers of Individuals with Down Syndrome: An Exploratory Study in Mexico

Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Informal Primary Caregivers (IPCs) of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) represent a vulnerable population at heightened risk of experiencing physical and mental health impairments due to the multiple challenges associated with caregiving, a topic that remains underexplored in the Mexican context. Positive psychology contributes significantly to the study of protective variables such as resilience, conceptualized as a fundamental protective factor against adverse situations and essential in the care of individuals with DS. This study assessed resilience levels in IPCs through the administration of the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) to 18 caregivers, predominantly women. Results revealed medium to low scores across all evaluated dimensions, highlighting the imperative need to implement psychological interventions aimed at strengthening resilience as a protective factor in this caregiver population.

Pseudonyms of women in the history of Mexico

Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The Dictionary of the Royal Academy defines pseudonym as an adjective from the Greek: ψευδώνυμος pseudṓnymos. Said of an author who hides her real name with a false name. In the case of women, they hid during the 19th and 20th centuries for educational, personal, family, cultural and social reasons. In many cases, because patriarchal society rejected women being able to do the same as men, even in literature they surpassed many of them. Fortunately for them, newspaper and book editors participated in this complicity with the authors so that they used a pseudonym, often male, to hide their true nature.

Miura, Evil, Emptiness, and Nothingness

David Quilodran Gellona — Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study reviews the conceptual notions of evil, emptiness, and nothingness in Kentaro Miura’s Berserk, analyzing their definitions and how they are implicitly embedded in the work. The notion of evil is considered as a natural element within concrete reality, which allows for a deeper exploration of the problem of evil as will. The notions of emptiness and nothingness are examined as the ways in which the being can first approach God and later divinity, assuming that in order to achieve this it is necessary to possess the divine will. Nihilistic in nature, with a pronounced sense of the being’s helplessness in reality, Miura’s work incorporates these precepts and presents them in such a way that it conveys two ideas: the idea of evil as an action that grants meaning and purpose to the being, and the idea of an evil God as an entity that, according to its will, can create a new world. All of this is framed within the concept of destiny, which cannot be altered by deterministic ideas of causality and retribution.